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The British Aerospace Avro RJ70/85/100

Powerplants
RJ70 - Four 27.3kN (6130lb) or 31.1kN (7000lb) AlliedSignal LF-507 turbofans
RJ85/100 - Four 31.1kN (7000lb) AlliedSignal LF-507 turbofans.

Performance
RJ70 - Max operating speed Mach 0.73, cruising speed 763km/h (412kt), long range cruising speed 720km/h (389kt). Range with max fuel 3075km (1660nm), range with max payload 2665km (1440nm).
RJ85 - Same, except range with max fuel 2965km (1600nm), range with max payload 2130km (1150nm).
RJ100 - Same, except range with max fuel 2760km (1490nm), range with max payload 2130km (1150nm).
Weights
RJ70 - Operating empty 23,900kg (52,690lb), max takeoff 43,091kg (95,000lb).
RJ85 - Operating empty 24,600kg (54,239lb), max takeoff 43,998kg (97,000lb).
RJ100 - Operating empty 25.600kg (56,438lb), max takeoff initially 44,225kg (97,500lb), later 46,039kg (101,500lb).
Dimensions
RJ70 - Wing span 26.21m (86ft), length 26.20m (86ft 0in), height 8.61m (28ft 3in). Wing area 77.3m2 (832sq ft).
RJ85 - Same, except length 28.60m (93ft 10 in).
RJ100 - Same, except length 30.99m (101ft 8in).
Capacity
Flightcrew of two.
RJ-70 - Single class seating for alternatively 70 passengers at 84cm (33in) pitch five abreast, or 82 passengers six abreast in a 84cm (33in) pitch configuration, or up to 94 six abreast at 74cm (29in) pitch.
RJ85 - Max seating in passenger cabin for 112 at six abreast and 74cm (29in) pitch. More typical seating configuration for 85 at five abreast and 84cm (33in) pitch.
RJ100 - Maximum seating of 128 passengers at six abreast and 74cm (29in) pitch. Seating arrangements also for 100 at 84cm (33in) pitch and five abreast, and 116 at six abreast.
Production
Production of the Avro RJ series ceased in 2002, after 170 examples had been built, including 12 RJ70, 87 RJ85 and 71 RJ100.

Type
Regional airliner

History
The Avro RJ series are upgraded developments of the BAe-146 family (see separate entry), and like the 146 was built in three fuselage length variants, the RJ70, RJ85 and RJ100.

In 1990 British Aerospace first offered the improved RJ70 and RJ80, both of which were based on the 146-100. They would have seated 70 and 80 passengers respectively, but these two designs matured in the Avro RJ70 (officially Avro 146-RJ70) with improved FADEC equipped LF-507 engines and digital avionics.

The 146-200 based Avro RJ85 was the first member of the new family to fly, on March 23 1992. The biggest member of the family, the 146-300 based RJ100, first flew on May 13 1992. The 146-100 based RJ70 was delivered from late 1993 but due to low customer interest, only 12 were sold.

RJ improvements over the 146 include more reliable and efficient FADEC equipped AlliedSignal (now Honeywell) LF-507 engines, new "Spaceliner" cabin interior and a digital flightdeck. Weight and drag savings were introduced in 1996.

The RJ100 was also offered as the RJ115 with extra emergency exits to seat 116 to 128 in a high density six abreast configuration. None were built however. The RJ was also offered as the Avro Business Jet, but also none of these were built.

The RJ series was originally manufactured and marketed by Avro International Aerospace, a separate British Aerospace company, so named as RJ production was undertaken at the former Avro factory near Manchester (most 146s were built at Hatfield). Subsequent plans for a partnership with Taiwan Aerospace, which would have seen the RJ series built in Taiwan fell through and Avro subsequently became part of AI(R) to handle marketing, sales and support of British Aerospace (Avro and Jetstream) and ATR commercial aircraft. However, AI(R) disbanded in mid 1998 and the Avro RJ range became again a British Aerospace (later BAE Systems) product.

The last RJ was delivered in 2002. A modernised development became the Avro RJX, for which see the separate entry.

The British Aerospace ATP

Powerplants
ATP - Two 1978kW (2653shp) Pratt & Whitney Canada PW126A turboprops driving six blade constant speed BAe/Hamilton Standard propellers. J61 - Two 2050kW (2750shp) PW127Ds.

Performance
ATP - Max cruising speed 493km/h (266kt), economical cruising speed 437km/h (236kt). Range with max payload and reserves 630km (340nm), with 69 passengers and reserves 1480km (800nm). J61 - Max cruising speed 500km/h (270kt). Range with 70 passengers and reserves 1180km (637nm).
Weights
ATP - Operating empty 14,193kg (31,290lb), max takeoff 22,930kg (50,550lb). J61 - Max takeoff 23,678kg (52,200lb).
Dimensions
Wing span 30.63m (100ft 6in), length 26.01m (85ft 4in), height 7.59m (24ft 11in). Wing area 78.3m2 (842.84sq ft).
Capacity
Flightcrew of two. Typical one class seating for 64 to 68 in ATP or 70 in Jetstream 61 at four abreast and 79cm (31in) pitch. Combi versions can take passengers and freight.
Production
Total ATP and Jetstream 61 production of 67 (including 4 J61s) built between 1986 and 1993, of which over 50 are in service.

Type
Turboprop powered regional airliners

History
The largest twin turboprop powered western regional airliners currently in service, the ATP and Jetstream 61 trace their development history back to the British Aerospace 748.

The ATP and J61 are stretched developments of the 748, but they incorporate a great number of major and minor detail changes. The 748's fuselage cross section and basic wing structure were retained, but otherwise the ATP and J61 are all new aircraft.

British Aerospace announced it was developing an advanced derivative of the 748 in March 1984. The BAe ATP, or Advanced TurboProp, first flew on August 6 1986, while the first production aircraft flew in February 1988. Certification was granted in March 1988 and the ATP entered airline service that May.

Compared to the 748 the ATP features a stretched fuselage taking maximum seating up to 72 passengers, while Pratt & Whitney Canada PW126 turboprops drive slow turning six blade propellers. Much of the systems and equipment was new or significantly improved. The flightdeck has EFIS instrumentation, while the cabin interior was thoroughly revised and modernised. The nose was reprofiled and some sweep back was added to the tail.

The further improved Jetstream 61 was marketed and built by the newly created BAe division of Jetstream Aircraft. Apart from the name change it introduced a number of minor technical changes including an interior based on the Jetstream 41 (including the innovative arm rests incorporated into the cabin walls for window seats), more powerful PW127D engines and increased operating weights giving higher speeds and longer range. The Jetstream 61 was available for delivery from 1994, but marketing efforts ceased when the AI(R) consortium was formed because it was a direct competitor to the now disbanded consortium's far more successful ATR 72. Just four were completed.

Meanwhile the last three whitetail ATPs were not sold until late 1998 (two went to British World, one to SunAir of Scandinavia).

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